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Hard water explained

What hardness is, how to test it, and what a softener does not remove.

close-up of round amber ion exchange resin beads spilling from a mineral tank
close-up of round amber ion exchange resin beads spilling from a mineral tank
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How a water softener actually works, tank by tank

A plain-English walkthrough of how a water softener works: the ion-exchange trade inside the resin bed, the riser tube flow path, and all five stages of regeneration.

Read it, 7 min

Convert your test result.

gpg, ppm (mg/L), German degrees and mmol/L, with the hardness class.

All hard water explained guides.

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